The book is devoted to the analysis of changes in the problems and structure of historical science of the second half of the 20th and turn of the 20th - 21st centuries, scientific traditions and new approaches in social history and other areas of modern historiography. It comprehensively examines cognitive priorities, concepts, theoretical models, results and prospects of research in the history of social movements and revolutions, comparative history, the history of women and tender history, new cultural and intellectual history, the history of private life and historical biography.