This textbook introduces the names of prominent Russian scientists of the late XIX - early XX centuries, whose works until recently were inaccessible for ideological reasons. However, these works in the history of psychology are of particular value. The manual shows the contribution of physiologists to the formation of psychological science (I.M. Sechenov, V.M. Bekhterev, I.P. Pavlov, I.A. Sikorsky and others), as well as the development of psychological and pedagogical knowledge in the works of such scientists as K.D. Ushinsky, P.F. Kapterev, V.V. Zenkovsky and