The monograph provides a generalization and clarification of the biological, technical, technological, economic, organizational and hydrological features of rice production in agricultural organizations in the south of Russia. A methodology has been developed for a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of rice farming; an economic justification was made for the rational varietal placement of rice crops, replenishment and renewal of the combine farm of rice-growing farms for the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory; proposed the size of state support for rice growing in the region, ensuring the effective development of the sub-industry in the medium term. The monograph is intended for scientists, university teachers, graduate students, students of economic specialties, as well as practical specialists involved in improving the efficiency of rice production.