The collective monograph was prepared by the authors following the discussion of their reports at the International Conference "Security and Problems of Humanity in Russia and Germany during the First World War" (March 23-24, 2017, Russian State Humanitarian University, Moscow). The influence of ideas about security and humanity on the state policy of the Russian Empire and Kaiser Germany, treatment in captivity with subjects of enemy states, the balance of security and humanity in other segments of public and state life of both countries are considered. The book is addressed to historians, political scientists, sociologists, legal scholars and everyone interested in the history of the First World War.