Anatoly Vasilievich Lunacharsky was a multifaceted and therefore extraordinary person, and as the author emphasizes in his work, hence the extreme difficulty in interpreting his position. He was called a romantic and utopian, he stood out among other party functionaries with his ideological preferences, which were very different from the Russian version of Marxism. It is his worldview, the author believes, that makes Lunacharsky one of the most controversial figures in the Bolshevik leadership, most susceptible to criticism from all sides.