The history of Inner Mongolia is little known to the Russian reader. This is especially true of the entry of Inner Mongolia into the PRC and the position of the Mongols there during the reign of Mao Zedong. In modern China, this issue is strongly ideologized, and the "undesirable" facts are hushed up. The proposed book partially fills that gap. It is a unique collection of eyewitness accounts of events practically unknown in Russia. These testimonies show the large-scale repression of the Chinese Communist Party led by Mao Zedong against the Mongols along class and national lines, which peaked during the period of the Cultural Revolution organized by Mao. The book is intended for historians, political scientists, students and anyone interested in the history of the PRC and Mongolia.