This monograph is the first book in domestic and world literature, entirely devoted to a systematic presentation of the problem of safety and reliability of engineering, industrial, construction and urban infrastructures from the standpoint of theoretical and applied mechanics. It is based on the results obtained over the past 40 years personally by the author and together with his students and followers, and reflects the contribution of the Ural School of Safety to this area of ​ ​ interdisciplinary fundamental and applied research.