The book is a collection of 1327 ancient Russian settlements of the X-XIII centuries. with a brief description, bibliographic reference and a map of their location in Russia. In the list, monuments are arranged in ascending order of numbers from west to east and from north to south downstream along river basins. To date, this is the only summary of this kind. The actual material concentrated in it can serve as a source for research in various areas. Based on the analysis of the actual material in the book, a socio-historical interpretation of the ancient Russian settlements of the 10th - 13th centuries is given, objective criteria for determining the social appearance of most of the studied monuments are revealed.