In the history of Soviet national politics in the Ukrainian SSR, the period from 1925 to 1928. occupies a special place: it was then that the transition from the so-called "Ukrainization by decree" to practical Ukrainization took place. These three difficult years are closely connected with the name of the then head of the republican party organization Lazar Moiseevich Kaganovich. The new appointee in Kharkov was greeted with caution - a young faithful ally I.V. Stalin, unlike his predecessor E.I. Quiring, immediately showed himself as a supporter of active Ukrainization. This book will tell readers about the turbulent events of those years, about numerous discussions about the forms, methods, volumes of Ukrainization, about disputes between republican leaders and with Western Ukrainian communists, about the reaction of the population of Soviet Ukraine to the changes that have taken place.