The textbook describes the system and structure of the main institutions of subsoil use law. Both historical, theoretical and practical issues related to the system of regulatory regulation of the provision and use of subsoil plots in the Russian Federation were considered, problems of environmental protection in the use of subsurface resources, peculiarities of the use of subsurface resources on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation, Caspian and in the oceans, within specially protected natural areas with different legal regimes, experience in the implementation of production sharing agreements in the Russian Federation, problems of establishing the external border of the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and other relevant topics. The authors of the textbook are practicing lawyers specializing in subsoil use, environmental protection during subsoil use, and land issues arising from subsoil use.