The monograph examines works on the history of the study of the socio-economic and cultural development of the Dagestan aul of the 19th - early 20th centuries, makes a historical and graphic analysis of literature reflecting this information in the records of tsarist officers, officials of the tsarist administration, in travel notes of scientists traveling in Dagestan, analyzed the work of the authors of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods on the topic under consideration. The prospects for his further study of the Dagestan pre-Soviet aul are shown.