The book conceptually represents the final, second volume of S.R. Kuchera's large study on the archeology of the oldest period of East Asian history: the first volume dedicated to the Paleolithic - "The Oldest and Oldest History of China. The ancient Stone Age," was published in 1996. The monograph of one of the leading specialists in Chinese archeology is the most complete study of the southern Chinese Neolithic at the moment, a real encyclopedia of the Chinese Neolithic, clearly formulating and proving the polycentricity of the formation of civilization in East Asia.