The volume of the series "Peoples and Cultures" from a modern scientific point of view reveals the problems of ethnic history and ethnosocial development of the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) people, describes traditional occupations and economic activities, environmental management skills, material culture, family and social relations, customs and rituals of the family and calendar cycles, folk knowledge, creativity and beliefs, as well as ethnocultural and socio-political processes of modern times.