The textbook, based on Russian and foreign publications, examines the main milestones of Russian history from the 9th to the beginning of the 21st century. The educational material is presented in chapters in chronological order, and inside them in sections covering the most important problems. The focus is on addressing Russia's complex, controversial historical processes. The chronology of the main events of Russian history, a dictionary of basic terms and concepts, personalities, bibliography are given. For undergraduates, undergraduates, graduate students, teachers of higher and secondary schools. It is also recommended for high school graduates, applicants and everyone interested in the problems of Russian history.