The first part of the book covers the history of the USSR from ancient times to the Great October Socialist Revolution. It shows the general patterns of change in socio-economic formations, considers the distinctive features and features of the economy inherent in each historical era, internal and foreign policy, class struggle, revolutionary movement and culture. The second part examines the Marxist-Leninist concept of Soviet society, analyzes its economic, social, political and cultural development. The 3rd edition (2nd - 1984) has been updated and added according to new publications. A special lecture is devoted to the materials of the XXVII Congress of the CPSU.