The book is a series of studies of the author, which began with sensory physiology and gradually moved into the field of neuroscience, linguistics, psychology, artificial intelligence, semiotics and philosophy - now all called cognitive research and is an example of convergent and transdisciplinary development of science. The initial hypothesis coincides with the name of one of the sections of the book - language as an interface between the brain, consciousness and the world, and this reflects the author's position and his view of the evolution and nature of verbal language and other higher functions, their phylo- and ontogenesis, on the genetic and cross-cultural aspects of the development of consciousness and language and their brain correlates, on the possibilities of interspecies communication and modeling of human cognitive processes. The book is designed for an intellectual reader interested in the nature of man and his place in the world.