The monograph reflects the author's many years of experience, as well as data from domestic and foreign scientists on the pathology of the ear labyrinth and some similar diseases of the central nervous system. It briefly highlights the anatomy of the non-ear part of the inner ear (ear labyrinth) of its connection with the cerebellum, brain and spinal cord. Modern ideas about the physiology of the labyrinth, the physical features of adequate stimuli for the otolith apparatus, semicircular channels and the foundations of Magnus theory in relation to their significance for practice are presented.