The main results of the work of FSUE KBOM named after V.P. Barmin on liquefied natural gas (LNG), most of which were carried out in 1991-2004 as part of the conversion with the participation of related enterprises, the materials of conferences held in 1991-2007, and the data contained in the scientific literature. The technical characteristics of this alternative type of fuel, the field of its expedient use, the current state and trends in the development of the global and Russian industry for the production and use of LNG are presented. The component composition of LNG, new data on phase equilibria of mixtures of hydrocarbons and impurities included in the composition of natural gas, schemes of installations for the production of LNG depending on their productivity and purpose, purification of natural gas from impurities and its drying were analyzed.