The book contains minutes of meetings, letters from peasants, statements, denunciations, reports of the OGPU - about a hundred materials from the party archive of the Smolensk region, stored in the US National Archives in Washington. This book arose itself, contrary to my original intentions. In 1982-83 I was engaged in a demographic assessment of the losses of the Soviet population during collectivization. The grandiose social transformations of the village in the early 30s changed the country, determined the character of Soviet life for many decades to come, up to the present day. Millions have been killed in the name of these changes, and they argue only about: just millions or tens of millions. As you know, the winners write history. Therefore, we can find out how many rioters were crucified along the Appian Way, but we only hardly guess about the feelings of the gladiators who raised the uprising.