The Great Didactics" by Y. A. Comenius belongs to the first-class works of world pedagogical literature. It was written in Czech and in 1638 translated by Comenius himself into Latin. For the first time, this best didactic work of the great teacher was published in the Amsterdam edition of Comenius' pedagogical works in 1657. This edition of the Great Didactics" coincides with the three hundredth anniversary in 1938 since the initial design of this work in Latin, international for that time. Great Didactics," as a work of the 17th century, mainly stands in positions reflecting a religious worldview. This is especially true in individual chapters. However, in the interests of preserving the integrity of this outstanding source for characterizing the pedagogical thought of the 17th century, we provide the Soviet reader with a new, complete translation of the Great Didactics."