"Esse quam videri" - "To be, not to appear." Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov always followed this ancient Latin principle in everything. A brilliant Russian surgeon, an outstanding publicist, teacher and humanist devoted his whole life to serving people without a trace. Pirogov is the founder of modern military field surgery. His innovations saved the lives of millions of wounded in subsequent world wars and local conflicts. The principles of the topographic anatomy developed by Pirogov formed the basis of modern computed tomography. Bone plastic according to Pirogov is still performed all over the world, giving people with amputations to live fully, without being tormented by terrible pain. This book not only introduces the activities of Pirogov the doctor. It will allow the reader to come into contact with the unusually bright personality of Pirogov the man.