Just Medicine offers us a new effective and innovative plan to regulate implicit biases and eliminate the inequalities they cause and to save the lives they endanger Over 84 000 black and brown lives are needlessly lost each year due to health disparities the unfair unjust and avoidable differences between the quality and quantity of health care provided to Americans who are members of racial and ethnic minorities and care provided to whites Health disparities have remained stubbornly entrenched in the American health care system and in Just Medicine Dayna Bowen Matthew finds that they principally arise from unconscious racial and ethnic biases held by physicians institutional providers and their patients Implicit bias is the single most important determinant of health and health care disparities Because we have missed this fact the money we spend on training providers to become culturally competent expanding wellness education programs and community health centers and even expanding access to health insurance will have only a modest effect on reducing health disparities We will continue to utterly fail in the effort to eradicate health disparities unless we enact strong evidence based legal remedies that accurately address implicit and unintentional forms of discrimination to replace the weak tepid and largely irrelevant legal remedies currently available Our continued failure to fashion an effective response that purges the effects of implicit bias from American health care Matthew argues is unjust and morally untenable In this book she unites medical neuroscience psychology and sociology research on implicit bias and health disparities with her own expertise in civil rights and constitutional law