The book belongs to several areas (sections) of philosophy at once: philosophy of culture (culturology); humanities in the 20th century. Many of the works included in this collection were then reprinted as part of the collected works of individual authors. However, this does not make the publication itself less valuable: translations, notes and comments of such well-known specialists as S.S. Averintsev, V.V. Bibikhin, R.A. Galtseva, Yu.N. Davydov, P.P. Gaydenko and others.