The book gives a brief historical outline of the economy of Kazakhs from ancient times to the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. Based on ethnographic and statistical materials, cattle breeding and agriculture are described in detail. The book contains typological tables and maps containing information on tools in agriculture and cattle breeding of Kazakhs, distribution of agricultural crops, livestock species and seasonal pastures, types of watering holes, direction of nomadic routes, methods of threshing and transportation of crops.