In this monograph, based on the study of the theoretical heritage of Russian liberalism in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, the programming of liberal political parties, materials on the activities of domestic liberals, the State Duma attempted to comprehensively analyze their legislative activities as the most important direction in the implementation of the liberal model of transformation of the country. The subject of the study was the theoretical approaches of Russian liberals to the problem of building a rule of law and civil society in Russia, the legal component of the liberal model in the programming and Duma activities of the main liberal parties of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, specific legislative materials related to the work of the State Duma of the 1st - 4th convocations. The book is intended for everyone interested in Russian history.