The second revised and supplemented edition of the textbook "History of the Middle Ages" in two volumes (the first edition was published in 1966) for students of historical faculties of universities covers the history of the countries of Western and Central Europe, as well as the Byzantine Empire (until its fall in 1453). The first volume of the textbook outlines the most important events in the history of medieval society over ten centuries - from the end of the 5th to the end of the 15th century. Special chapters are devoted to criticism of bourgeois concepts and a review of new literature on the history of the Middle Ages, the history of the Catholic Church and heretical movements, the development of natural science and culture. The second volume contains material on the last period of the Western Middle Ages from the great geographical discoveries at the turn of the 15th-16th centuries. to the Peace of Westphalia (1648). It sets out the history of individual countries for the specified period, as well as general problems: the emergence of capitalism, the formation of international relations, the development of science.