The articles of the collection consider the general problems of the modern theory of truth that arose during the development of the philosophy of science over the past decades. The need to clarify the classical concept of truth in connection with the identification of the sociocultural conditioning of knowledge and the postmodern rejection of the concept of truth is justified. Modern approaches to the development of pragmatist and coherentist theories of truth are considered; analyzed the relationship between the concepts of truth and knowledge, etc. The possibilities of applying the concept of truth for the epistemological assessment of knowledge in the field of sociology, economics, history have been investigated.