This work is an attempt to consider the processes taking place in the region of Northeast Asia not only from a national point of view, as was the case in most of the works published earlier. The authors of the work are historians - orientalists who know well both Russian history and the history of neighboring countries: China, Mongolia, Korea and Japan. Therefore, they offer the reader, in their own way, a new, most objective view of the historical processes taking place in the region, which cover not only Russian territories, but also the territories of neighboring countries. The authors do not just show the historical events of the XVII century. - XVIII centuries that took place in the region, but show them against the background of the geopolitical processes accompanying these events. The historical narrative is accompanied by an analysis of events and processes, involving a wide range of historical documents, including the recently discovered and still not published notes of the Korean commander Sin Nu, who participated with his army in the Manchu campaigns against the Russian Cossacks on the Amur. This work is intended for students studying the course "History of the Far East," as well as for all those who are interested in the history of the Far Eastern region.