The soybean is a crop of global importance and is one of the most frequently cultivated crops worldwide. It is rich in oil and protein and is used for both human and animal consumption as well as for industrial purposes, such as biofuels. Soybean crops also play an important role in crop diversification and benefit other crops due to its addition of nitrogen to the soil during crop rotation. With contributions written by researchers from around the world, "The Soybean" provides a concise coverage of recent research on all aspects of this significant crop.