The unprecedented results of the 2008 national elections took many Malaysians by surprise The component parties of the ruling coalition suffered huge losses while the opposition was victorious in several states Many media scholars and political pundits including politicians pointed to the online platform as a democratic tool that had increased support for the opposition In the 2013 election the ruling party turned its spotlight on new media to try to regain voter support In order to obtain a better understanding of the much touted democratizing effects of the online media this book employs an alternative lens to examine the use of new media at the intersection of social and political realities It explores the ways individual political bloggers Facebookers and Twitterers used cyberspace to battle for voter support in the 2008 and 2013 national elections It examines the cultural practices and the social and political affiliation and aims of individual actors as well as the social ties that subsequently emerged from the use of the online media This research employs a political economy approach to the media Habermas s notion of the public sphere and the social determinism perspective in order to understand the extent to which online media can enrich political life and bring about new ways of campaigning