A book from the Modern Chemistry series published in Japan, aimed at giving an idea of ​ ​ the current situation in various fields of science. This collective monograph, edited by the famous Japanese chemist K. Saito, is devoted to the chemical properties and the nature of the chemical bond of the compounds of the elements of the periodic system D. I. Mendeleev, considered from the standpoint of the latest achievements of physical and quantum chemistry. Designed for a wide range of chemists.