The monograph is a generalized, holistic study of the activities of the bodies and troops of the Cheka - OGPU - NKVD of the USSR to combat banditry in the North Caucasus during the interwar period. Based on archival sources, a significant part of which was first put into scientific circulation, the authors revealed the peculiarities of the operational and service use of the bodies and troops of the Cheka - OGPU - NKVD of the USSR at various stages of the fight against banditry in the region, investigated the nature of the combat use of the Cheka - OGPU - NKVD of the USSR in the fight against gangs, issues of interaction during joint operations with units of the Red Army were considered, An assessment was made of the effectiveness of measures carried out by the bodies and troops of the Cheka - OGPU - NKVD of the USSR aimed at stabilizing the situation in the North Caucasus region.