History began in Sumer 5,000 years ago. In Mesopotamia, a land "between two rivers," people came up with writing. Signs ceased to denote objects, but began to denote their name. Everywhere in the world, people recorded their history: with the help of a stylos, a rod, a feather on stone, clay, papyrus and paper. Thanks to cuneiform writing, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Arabic calligraphy, Chinese ideograms, humanity has known its history since ancient times. In the XIV century. BC Phoenicians traders and travelers came up with the first alphabet. Since the 15th century, when printing was invented, the history of writing is intertwined with the history of printing.