The monograph covers one of the nodal and debatable issues of the history of social thought during the crisis of the feudal formation and the transition from the Middle Ages to the new time. The author argues with foreign historians who exaggerate the importance of the religious element and clericalism in the activities and teachings of German humanists of the 15th century. The book shows the significance of the legacy of humanists of the 15th century. for the subsequent development of German culture.