The two-volume book offered to the reader is based on the materials of the article "Israel" in the 3rd volume of the Brief Jewish Encyclopedia. This work can also be considered as a continuation of the two-volume" Essay on the History of the Jewish People" edited by S. Etinger, who made a number of valuable comments on these materials. The last chapter of the Essay is devoted to the formation of the State of Israel and contains a brief overview of the main events of its history, brought to the Six-Day War of 1967.