Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is considered in this book as one of the key disciplines of the basic part of the professional cycle of the discipline "Ecology and nature management," and at the same time - as an important part of the practical activities of enterprises for the environmental support of their economic activities. The content of the manual is based both on the analysis of the history of the formation and current state of the regulatory framework for environmental support of economic activities in Russia, and on the author's practical experience in this area.