The last years of his life N.I. Pavlishchev was engaged in the publication of his works, including an extensive monograph on the history of Poland in the second half of the 16th - 17th centuries. "Polish anarchy under Jan Casimir and the war for Ukraine," which amounted to vol. 1-3 of his works. Reviews of that time noted a thorough knowledge of sources and historical works ("Bulletin of Europe," 1879, book 6). Jan Casimir, the second son of Sigismund III, ascended the throne in 1648 after his brother Vladislav IV. He inherited the war with the Cossacks for Ukraine, which broke out in the year of Vladislav's death, when Bogdan Khmelnitsky, having defeated and polonized two Polish hetmans, appeared victorious under the walls of Lviv in Chervonnaya Rus.