The monograph is the first part of the work conceived by the author: "Iran: confronting empires" and covers the period from 1918 until the forced abdication of Reza Shah Pahlavi from the throne after the entry of the troops of the USSR and Great Britain into Iran in August 1941. The general concept of work is that even in the new conditions, that is, after the October Revolution in 1917 in Russia, Iran continued to have the task of fighting to strengthen its political sovereignty.