The author of this book answers this question regarding the Kuban, which T.G. Shevchenko almost read the role of "Ukrainian Piedmont." And then Ukrainization was carried out here at the direction of the center. But Ukrainian identity has not caught on. The author of this book reveals in detail the reasons for this situation. The time coverage of the work from the inception of Kuban Ukrainophilism in the middle of the 19th century to the present is unique. Which, as we know, is rich in political perturbations. This book was written on the basis of the monograph "Ukrainian National Movement and Ukrainization in the Kuban 1917-1932," which is widely known on the Internet. At the same time, the new book is many times more extensive and covers an immeasurably longer time period.