The theory, methods of calculation and design of optoelectronic tracking linear and nonlinear systems widely used in solving various problems in the field of control, primarily in military equipment, are presented. Methods of their analysis and synthesis are given, taking into account the specifics of spatial tracking systems with modulation. Particular attention is paid to obtaining engineering dependencies for the parameters of the system links in terms of ensuring the optimality of their characteristics. Optical-electronic sighting systems are illuminated using the example of the basic configuration developed for the SU-27 fighter.