In the monograph of O.V. Boronin reconstructs the process of emergence, evolution and disappearance of dual citizenship and dual citizenship of a number of indigenous, mainly Turkic, peoples of southern Siberia in the XVII - 60s. XIX centuries. The work identifies the causes and circumstances, clarifies the time frame for the emergence of dual citizenship and dual citizenship, conducts a comparative analysis of the functioning of the system of dual citizenship and dual citizenship of various groups of dual citizens, traces the course of the confrontation between the Russian state and Mongolian potential and political formations (possessions of Altyn-khans and the Dzungar Khanate) on the issue of citizenship of the indigenous population of southern Siberia; the reasons and circumstances of the formation of the Russian-Chinese "condominium" in the south of Gorny Altai in the second half of the 18th century are established, the situation of the Chui dual citizens is characterized, the process of resolving the problem of dual citizenship during the Russian-Chinese demarcation in Altai in the 60s is traced. XIX century