This scientific publication was prepared by the author on the basis of documentary materials telling about the significance of the 1917 revolution in Russia in terms of further modernization of the country and its Siberian aspect in 1917-1925 in a comparative analysis of the programs, concepts and actions of political parties, governments, movements and their leaders. The publication is based on the latest modern historiographic approaches. The book can be useful to teachers, graduate students, students, schoolchildren.