M. Kubanin in the work Makhnovshchina published in 1927, from the standpoint of Marxism, investigated the roots, causes and prerequisites for the birth of the Makhnovist movement. He used a solid source base, a variety of archival materials. The book is the most fundamental and only serious study of the Makhnovist movement of the period of the 1920s - 1930s. Kubanin identified the main features of the economy of the region in which the Makhnovist movement originated, determined its social basis. The Makhnovist movement, from Kubanin's point of view, was not inherently anarchic. Thus, Kubanin, emphasizing the spontaneous nature of the Makhnovism, denied the Gulyaypol group of anarchists led by N. Makhno the right to be considered the political force that united the peasants of Left-Bank Ukraine. The influence that anarchism began to exert on the peasant movement from the end of 1918, when members of the Nabat Confederation joined it, according to Kubanin, was not decisive. In a brochure published in Paris in 1928, "Makhnovshchina and its yesterday's allies - the Bolsheviks (Answer to M. Kubanin's book" Makhnovshchina "), N. Makhno criticized Kubanin's research. Kubanin's work" Makhnovshchina "and Makhno's response to it were reprinted in 2017 by one book.