Describes archaeological material obtained during excavations in 1962-1963. burial ground near Branesti Island, Orhei district of the MSSR. An analysis of archaeological and anthropological material makes it possible to establish that the burial ground belonged to the Old Russian population living in this territory in the X-XI centuries, to trace the origin of feudal relations among the Slavs and the penetration of Christianity into the region. Interesting data on the mixing of the Old Russian population of the Dniester-Prut interfluve. The book is designed for historians, archaeologists, ethnographers, anthropologists, teachers of history of higher and secondary schools, students of historical faculties.