With each new generation, peoples lose their identity, being drawn into the processes of world globalization. It is especially difficult for nations that have never created their own state. Threatened with assimilation, they nevertheless try to preserve their identity, language and traditions. A small people is always a mystery. Basques, Maori, Bushmen, Ainu... Where did they come from and how do they live today? This is told by the book of the famous scientist-archaeologist, doctor of historical sciences, professor of the Moscow State Regional University (MGOU) Evgeny Vasilyevich Yarovoy.