The book examines European philosophy of the New Age, or as it is now often called, modern philosophy, from its prehistory during the Renaissance to German idealism. The author shows how in the XV-XVI centuries the ideological and theoretical prerequisites of New European thought were formed, which received their development and classical completion in the works of Descartes, Bacon, Leibniz, Kant, Fichte, Schelling and Hegel. Since the specifics of philosophy of the XVII-XIX centuries. is determined by its deep organic connection with science, primarily experimental mathematical natural science, insofar as this connection is revealed in the book: the author analyzes the work of such outstanding scientists as Copernicus, Galileo, Huygens, etc., showing how it determined the fundamental principles of philosophy, its understanding of nature, man, knowledge.