The book covers the military-political co-existence in the Caucasus during the Eastern War of 1853-1856, shows an acute social struggle in Azerbaijan and Georgia. Armenia, Dagestan, Chechnya, Ossetia, Kabarda and Circassia in the conditions of the majority of the population that had strengthened by this time. The expansionist aspirations of England in relation to Transcaucasia, its assistance to Turkey and non-mediocre participation in hostilities against the Russian army and the peoples of the Caucasus are characterized. The course of hostilities in the Caucasian theater of the Crimean War and the combat community of the Russian army and Caucasian national militias are highlighted. False concepts of foreign bourgeois historiography of the Crimean War are exposed and the colonialist policy of Russian tsarism in the Caucasus and Transcaucasia in the middle of the 19th century and the struggle of the peoples of the Caucasus against national and colonial oppression are revealed.