The textbook covers the main topics on the history of the native land, the discipline "History." It highlights the key problems of the history of Donbass from antiquity to modernity in the context of the development of human civilization: from the appearance of man in southeastern Europe, the era of the region's entry into the Russian state and to the present - to the formation of independent people's republics of the DPR and LPR. The peculiarity of this educational publication is that it is the result of the agreed position of the scientific community of the region regarding the main processes and stages of the history of the region.