The monograph systematizes and analyzes materials from excavations of ancient Turkic monuments of the Middle Yenisei. The features of the structures of structures, funeral rituals and inventory complexes of ancient Turkic burials with a horse are investigated. Data on memorial fences and statues are given. The subject complex is analyzed: weapons, military and equestrian equipment, jewelry, tools, ceramic dishes. Information from written sources about the stay of the Turks on the lands north of the Sayan Mountains is considered. The history of the ancient Turkic ethnic group that lived in the Minusinsk depression in the 1st millennium AD is reconstructed.