The book consistently and publicly outlines the main problems and achievements of the psychology of attributive processes, that is, attributing to others and to oneself mental signs, motives and reasons for behavior. A successful attempt was made to combine the ideas of at least three important psychological theories - theories of attribution, cognitive dissonance and adaptation. All the problems discussed are associated with the real phenomena of people's daily mental life, their thinking and perception of social situations, choices made and decisions made.